Western Digital (WDC) investor relations material

Industry trends and market outlook

• Exabyte growth expectations have increased from mid-teens to over 25% CAGR for the next 3–5 years, driven by AI adoption and data generation from enterprises and consumers.

• AI is fueling demand through ongoing training, inferencing, and emerging physical AI applications, all requiring significant data storage.

• Hard disk drives remain the most economical and scalable solution for massive data storage, with 80% of cloud data stored on HDDs.

• Deep customer engagement with hyperscalers provides long-term visibility and informs technology and product roadmaps.

• No significant new entrants are expected in the HDD market due to high technological barriers and complexity.

Technology and product roadmap

• ePMR technology has been extended beyond initial expectations, with 40 TB drives in qualification and a roadmap to 60 TB.

• HAMR technology is set to launch in 2027 with 44 TB drives, aiming for 100+ TB per drive over time; internal laser integration is a long-term focus.

• High-Bandwidth Drives and dual pivot actuators, developed in response to customer demand, are in sampling and aim to boost HDD throughput up to 8x.

• Areal density improvements and increasing platter count are key to scaling capacity, with a path to 10 TB per platter and 14 platters per drive.

• Investment in next-generation HDMR technology is underway for the long-term future.

Business model and customer relationships

• Cloud and hyperscaler customers now account for 90% of revenue, with business models shifting to long-term agreements (LTAs) and advanced order visibility.

• LTAs with major customers extend through 2027–2029, providing fixed volume and price terms, but flexibility remains for supply adjustments.

• Customer relationships and collaboration on technology adoption are prioritized over formal contracts.

• No plans to expand unit production capacity; supply growth will come from higher-capacity drives, not more units.